The grounding system in substation is very important. By accessing various other input pages like grid layout, soil model and system data, further details about. The following points serve as guidelines to start a grounding grid design. Ensure safety to personnel in substations against electrical shocks. A substation standards switch operating platforms steel design and.
Perform other studies such as bus calculations and ground grid study. Effective grounding system design is important as it deals with. The substation grounding system is an essential part of the every electrical system. Etap model for earth mat design etap model for earth. The input for a distribution substation is typically at least. The main issues related to ground grid design and determination of optimum method for substation mesh design is presented in this paper. Ieee guide for safety in ac substation grounding ieee std.
Calculationofimportantdesignparametersforgroundingsystemsinsu. The ergon energy design philosophy is to provide substations. Power substation design calculations a checklist of 18. To ground the fence of the grounding region separately 6. Electrical 20142018 sardar vallabhbhai institute of. Substation grounding a project presented to the faculty. Calculations of and development grounding grid system in the substation area where the top soillayer ijtsrd, issn. Design and analysis of substation grounding grid with and. The comparison between theoretical values and experimental values for various types of grounding grid performance at fixed depth is carried out 5,6. In addition to substation projects, joe is active in standards work both at xcel energy and in ieee substations committee. The fence is connected to a separate grounding conductor.
Pdf design and analysis of substation grounding grid. Index terms electrical substation, engineering design, grounding systems, grid resistance, ground potential rise, mesh voltage, step potential, touch potential i. Design analysis and optimization of ground grid mesh of extra high voltage substation using an intelligent software conference paper pdf available november 2014 with 1,514 reads how. Chapter 4 presents the initial design of the grounding system. Step and touch voltage are used to derive the safety criteria for grounding grid design. This paper will present ground potential rise gpr causes, effects, variations in the values gpr in high voltage substations. Pdf this paper presents the design of 110kv substation grounding grid with high resistivity soil.
The objective of this paper is to design ground grid mesh of a 233kv substation with expected maximum short. Pdf simplified method for substation grounding system design. Ieee guide for safety in ac substation grounding ieee std 802000. Substation earthing system design underground horizontal earth mesh matgrid the mesh is formed by placing mild steel bars placed in x and y directions in mesh formation in the soil at a depth of about 0. It describes the detailed computer model of the east central substation grounding grid and shows how to use the malt. The main issues related to ground grid design and determination of optimum method for substation mesh design is presented in this. Sep, 2017 an introduction to grounding calculations and why they are necessary. Provide the ground connection for connecting the neutrals. Also, the expected step voltage is less than the acceptable step voltage limit. This paper will present ground potential rise gpr causes, effects, variations in the values. Safety design of ground grid in distribution substation gmsarn. Ieee std 8020 guide for safety in ac substation grounding ieee std 812012 guide for measuring earth resistivity, ground impedance, and earth surface potentials of a ground. Design of grounding system for an electrical substation. Pdf design and analysis of substation grounding grid with and.
The grounding grid provides a common ground for the electrical equipment as well all the metallic structures in the substation. Distribution substations michigan technological university. Design analysis and optimization of ground grid mesh of extra high voltage substation using an intelligent software conference paper pdf available november 2014 with 1,514 reads how we. This bulletin is an update and revision of previous rea bulletin 651, design guide for rural substations revised june 1978. Electrical 20142018 sardar vallabhbhai institute of technology, vasad vadodara, india abstractthe paper depicts about design of ground grid system for 6611kv rectangular substation. Hence substations in general can be considered as heart of overall power system. All rus borrowers rus electric staff effective date. Optimal substation ground grid design based on genetic. Expert instructors with decades of substation design experience will guide you in learning how to develop reliable substation. An introduction to grounding calculations and why they are.
The collector substation can also provide power factor correction if it is needed, metering and control of the wind farm. The functions of grounding systems or earth mat in include. The purpose of a ground mat study is to provide for the safety and wellbeing of anyone that can be exposed to the. Pge is committed to high quality services using a combination of internal and strategic external resources, and is ideally suited to the engineering, construction and design of power substations. The substation earthing system comprises of a grid earth mat formed by a horizontal buried conductors. The substation design manual is not intended to replace asset management standards, but rather to act as a reference document that crossreferences existing standards and process documentation and plugs any gaps where asset management documentation does not exist. The following sitedependent parameters have been found to have substantial impact on the grid design. Cost effective grounding grid design for substation soni m, dr.
A substation standards switch operating platforms steel design and details 49. An air insulated substation is chosen for the analysis located in pakistan. Welldesigned grounding system is very much essential as far as the safety of the crew and the. Substation engineering power grid engineering, llc.
Substation ground grid touch and step calculations the ground grid is expected to produce a maximum mesh potential rise in the center of each of the corner meshes, which is less than the acceptable touch voltage limit. Optimal substation ground grid design based on genetic algorithm and pattern search by qianzhi zhang a thesis presented in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree master of science approved november 2014 by the graduate supervisory committee. The protective scheme installed in any substation should be fully active to ensure its proper and accurate operation in. Introduction to substation earthing grid in high and medium voltage 1 air insulated substations ais the electromagnetic field, which causes are the static charges of bare cable and conductors and by the atmospheric conditions surges, induce voltages at nolive parts of the installation that create potential differences between metallic parts and ground and also between different points of the ground. Substation earthing system design underground horizontal earth mesh matgrid the mesh is formed by placing mild steel bars placed in x and y directions in mesh formation in the soil at a. Substation ground grid touch and step calculations the ground grid is expected to produce a maximum mesh potential rise in the center of each of the corner meshes, which is less than. Optimal design of substation grounding grid based on genetic. Since then, many additional constructions and installations have been performed on the site, and in some cases, it is unclear if the grounding grid has been properly considered in these activities. This page allows access to all other input output modules. Optimal substation ground grid design based on genetic algorithm and pattern search by qianzhi zhang a thesis presented in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree. Pge is a proven leader of fullservice substation construction and engineering concept design, economic evaluations, physical design, civilstructural engineering, ground grid design and. It describes the detailed computer model of the east central substation grounding grid and shows how to use the malt computation module to determine the grounding grid impedance that will be used in the computation of the fault current distribution in chapter 5 step 2. Optimal design of substation grounding grid based on. Provide a safe and costeffective conceptual grounding system design for the substation by means of.
The grounding grid was installed upon the construction of the nuclear power plants. Welldesigned grounding system is very much essential as far as the safety of the crew and the substation equipments are concerned. The design of the ground grid to control voltage levels to safe. Design and analysis of ground grid system for substation. The design of grounding system for gis indoor substations and ais is quite different.
First, it provides a means of dissipating electric current into the earth without exceeding the operating limits of the equipment. In a properly designed system, this gradient should not exceed the limits that can be tolerated by the human body. Calculationofimportantdesignparametersforgroundingsystemsi. Tylavsky, chair john undrill raja ayyanar arizona state university. Substation earthing and bonding and their integration into a substation and the. The comparison between theoretical values and experimental values for various types of.
Distribution substation a distribution substation transfers power from the transmission system to the distribution system of an area. The substation ground grid design is based on the substation layout plan. The substation design manual is not intended to replace asset management standards, but rather to act as a reference document that crossreferences existing standards and process. In high and medium voltage air insulated substations ais the electromagnetic field, which causes are the static charges of bare cable and. Design and analysis of ground grid system for substation using etap software and fdm code in matlab deep b. The proper grounding of a substation is essential and very important for the following.
Index terms electrical substation, engineering design, grounding systems, grid resistance, ground potential rise, mesh voltage, step potential, touch potential. Pge is a proven leader of fullservice substation construction and engineering concept design, economic evaluations, physical design, civilstructural engineering, ground grid design and equipment specifications. The purpose of this paper is provide knowledge about the gpr, substation grounding grid and step and touch potentials. Power substation design calculations a checklist of 18 studies for engineers to consider. Pdf design analysis and optimization of ground grid mesh of. The uniform and two layer soil structure for substation ground grid design is mostly used in india 4,5.
Aspects of soil resistivity measurements, area of the ground grid, calculation of tolerable limits of. E substation standards switch operating platforms steel design and details 48. Substation grounding a project presented to the faculty of. The protective scheme installed in any substation should be fully active to ensure its proper and accurate operation in case of any fault. Successful operation of entire power system depends to a considerable extent on efficient and satisfactory performance of substations.
This paper presents methods for optimization of substation ground grid. The proper grounding of a substation is essential and very important for the following two reasons. Provide a safe and costeffective conceptual grounding system design for the substation by means of accurate calculations properly accounting for a realistic approximation of the soil structure typically a multilayered soil structure, attenuation along ground conductors i. Substation earthing system grounding system earthing mat. In a properly designed system, this gradient should not exceed the limits that can be tolerated. The designer must use suitable cdegs earthing design module to model the grid and any third party. Ground grid mesh used under substation ground consist of horizontal conductors connected with vertical rods. The main difference is that the ground grid of gis is attached to the steel. Ieee std 8020 guide for safety in ac substation grounding ieee std 812012 guide for measuring earth resistivity, ground impedance, and earth surface potentials of a ground system ieee std 3672012 recommended practice for determining the electric power substation ground potential rise and induced voltage from a power fault. The ground grid consists of horizontal interconnected bare conductors mat and ground rods. For economy of construction the collector system operates around 35 kv, and the collector substation steps up voltage to a transmission voltage for the grid. The following points serve as guidelines to start a grounding grid. This fundamental course leads you through a stepbystep study of the substation design and construction process. Cost effective grounding grid design for substation.
Pge is committed to high quality services using a combination of internal and strategic external resources. Since then, many additional constructions and installations have been performed on the site, and in some. The function of mesh is to dissipate extremely high current generated in any. Design of earthing grounding system in a substation grid. Optimal design of grounding system for a substation is complex due to the involvement of numerous parameters. Read about design of substation earthing system here. Optimized design of substation grounding system using. Pdf the design of 110kv substation grounding grid with high. In high and medium voltage air insulated substations ais the electromagnetic field, which causes are the static charges of bare cable and conductors and by the atmospheric conditions surges, induce voltages at nolive parts of the installation that create potential differences between metallic parts and ground and also between different points of. Optimized design of substation grounding system using newly. Substation grounding design challenges and lessons learned. The substation should surround the perimeter and take up as much area as possible to avoid high current concentrations. Ground potential rise gpr is a concern in the design of substation grounding grid.
An introduction to grounding calculations and why they are necessary. The following data given in the table is considered for the substation ground grid design table 1. Joe is a principal engineer in the substation engineering department at xcel energy and has held many roles in the department since 1998. Pdf design analysis and optimization of ground grid mesh.
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